近日，福特和密歇根大学进行了一项研究，研究垂直起降VTOL飞行汽车与内燃汽车和电动汽车相比，效率到底如何。最终发现，飞行汽车比汽油车效率高52%，而在行驶旅程超过62英里时，飞行汽车比电动汽车效率高6%。
首先，应该澄清的是这项研究具体研究了电动垂直起降(VTOL)车辆的理论效率，而不是像鹞式战斗机（Harrier Jet）这样的东西。这会产生巨大的差异。
福特和密歇根大学的研究发现，对于22英里及以下的短途旅行，汽车 - 尤其是电动汽车 - 在能耗方面会更有效率。这主要是因为获得车载空中需要大量的能量。然而，超过22英里，飞行汽车开始向前推进。从本质上讲，飞行汽车的设计是以最小的阻力在空中滑动，因此电机不必非常努力地保持速度。
在超过62英里的行程中，飞行汽车效率比汽油动力汽车效率高52％，比电动汽车效率高6％。能效提高6％并不是什么值得大书特书的事情，特别是在比较电动汽车和VTOL车辆之间可能的成本差异时。
不过福特和密歇根大学如何获得这些数字呢？由于目前没有任何广泛使用的飞行汽车在公众使用，所以为了获得研究数据，密歇根大学必须去几个飞行汽车原型制造商并要求访问他们的数字。样本量小，数据的实验性质不理想。
此外，这项研究没有考虑飞行汽车效率与轻轨或公共汽车等其他交通方式的关系。它也没有提到运营商和消费者的潜在成本。
“当我们专注于为智能世界提供智能车辆的承诺时，我们的团队将继续研究所有可以提供行动自由并推动人类进步的创新途径，”福特代表在一份声明中表示。“与密歇根大学在垂直起降飞机（VTOL）可持续性影响方面的合作是我们不断推动创新的一个很好的例子。”
English version
Recently, Ford and the University of Michigan conducted a study to study how efficient a vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) car is compared to internal combustion vehicles and electric vehicles. In the end, the flying car was 52% more efficient than the petrol car, and the flying car was 6% more efficient than the electric car when it traveled more than 62 miles.
First, it should be clarified that this study specifically studied the theoretical efficiency of electric vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) vehicles, not something like the Harrier Jet. This can make a huge difference.
Ford and the University of Michigan study found that cars, especially electric cars, are more efficient in terms of energy consumption for short trips of 22 miles or less. This is mainly because a lot of energy is needed to get the car air. However, over 22 miles, the flying car began to move forward. Essentially, the design of a flying car slides in the air with minimal resistance, so the motor does not have to work very hard to maintain speed.
In more than 62 miles of travel, flying cars are 52% more efficient than gasoline-powered cars and 6% more efficient than electric cars. A 6% improvement in energy efficiency is not something that is worthy of a book, especially when comparing the possible cost differences between electric and VTOL vehicles.
But how do Ford and the University of Michigan get these numbers? Since there are currently no widely used flying cars in public use, in order to obtain research data, the University of Michigan must go to several flying car prototype manufacturers and ask to access their numbers. The sample size is small and the experimental nature of the data is not ideal.
In addition, the study did not consider the relationship between flight efficiency and other modes of transportation such as light rail or bus. It also does not mention the potential costs of operators and consumers.
“When we focus on delivering smart vehicles to the smart world, our team will continue to explore all the innovative ways to provide freedom of action and advance human progress,” the Ford representative said in a statement. “The collaboration with the University of Michigan on the sustainability impact of VTOL is a good example of our constant drive for innovation.”
（文编译：飞行汽车 www.flycar.com.cn）
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