自动驾驶载人飞行器飞控系统

2019-09-06 21:27

所谓的飞控系统,就是飞行控制系统,是无人机完成起飞、空中飞行、执行任务和返场回收等整个飞行过程的核心系统,括传感器、机载计算机和伺服作动设备三大部分。

自动驾驶载人飞行器飞控系统

玩过无人机的飞友们都了解,飞控中有一个十分重要的组成部分叫电子罗盘(磁罗盘)其原理和指南针的原理相近,可以测量出当前设备于东南西北四个方向的夹角(导致飞机不乱飞),很多无人机在起飞前会提示校准磁罗盘;而基于磁罗盘的定向导航都容易受干扰,地磁场实在太弱。无人机容易受自身大电流产生的磁干扰,外部影响包括高压线,地下金属矿等。理论上来说地磁罗盘错误并不会导致坠机,只会导致GPS悬停或者飞机会往错误的方向越飞越远而已。

在稍大规格的无人机上,都可以解决,比如在植保无人机上,不依靠磁罗盘定向比较常用的是双RTK测向,双RTK天线安装到无人机上距离20厘米以上,基于定位坐标的差值,可以定向。相信在飞控方面载人飞行器会比其它行业无人机做的更加精密完善。

English version

The so-called flight control system is the flight control system, which is the core system of the whole flight process of the drone to complete take-off, air flight, mission execution and return-to-field recovery, including sensors, airborne computers and servo-operated devices. .

The flying friends who have played the drone know that there is a very important component in the flight control called the electronic compass (magnetic compass). The principle is similar to that of the compass. It can measure the current equipment in the north and southwest directions. The angle (causing the aircraft not to fly), many drones will prompt to calibrate the magnetic compass before take-off; and the magnetic compass-based directional navigation is susceptible to interference, the earth's magnetic field is too weak. UAVs are susceptible to magnetic interference caused by their own large currents, and external influences include high-voltage lines and underground metal mines. In theory, a geomagnetic compass error will not cause a crash, it will only cause the GPS to hover or the aircraft will fly further and further in the wrong direction.

In a slightly larger size drone, it can be solved. For example, in the plant protection drone, the dual RTK direction is not commonly used for the orientation of the magnetic compass. The dual RTK antenna is installed on the drone with a distance of 20 cm or more, based on the positioning coordinates. The difference can be oriented. It is believed that the manned aircraft in the flight control will be more sophisticated than other industrial drones.

(图/文编译来源于未来:飞行汽车 http://www.flycar.com.cn/)

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