在电动化时代，既然燃油车都开始禁售不生产了，燃油飞行汽车还会长久发展下去吗？更不用说这种需要跑道的飞行汽车实用性会大打折扣。
而 Roadster 的理念就不一样了，首先，它是用电的，虽然尚不清楚 Space X 的冷气推进器是个什么鬼，但可以猜测，它应该是类似电动喷气引擎；其次，它可以垂直起降，引擎推力除了能加速汽车，还能控制刹车和转弯，也能让汽车悬浮在路面上，这一点才是最吸引人的：纯电动
纯电驱动有多个优点：
A、在运营过程中零污染。
B、电机驱动使得飞行噪音处在人们可以接受的范围内。
C、电能的成本远远低于石油能源。将会让飞行汽车的运营成本大幅度降低。
D、电驱动可让飞行动力系统的结构复杂度大幅度降低，有利于设计和布置。
无人驾驶鉴于培训飞行员的成本大大高于培训司机的成本，且飞行员的存在也会降低小型飞机的载客量，航空界开始达成一个共识：未来的飞行汽车将会拥有无人驾驶系统。
无人驾驶的另外一个好处是，在航路管理、空中交通管控等方面，会显著降低难度。
让我们再看看在经济模型上，飞行汽车是否可行。Uber在2016年算了一笔账：
以Model S为例，如果车速到了超过141km/h时，百公里电耗将会达到41度。而在这个点，飞行汽车的能耗经济性将超越Model S，随着速度提升到201km/h时，飞行汽车获得最好的能源经济性，百公里的电耗将会降低到31度。这将会是一个非常理想的运营数据。
对飞行汽车而言，巡航的距离越长，能源经济性会越好。
一般而言，用于飞行出租车运营的飞行汽车，时速设计都会在300Km/h。在现有的电池能量密度情况下，续航里程会在150Km左右。
接下来具体看一看Uber一个飞行汽车的经济学模型和边界条件。
边界条件假设如下：
1、这辆飞行的士拥有4个座位，通过Uber的软件，确保每次飞行的座位空置率控制在33%以内。
2、飞行的士毛重量为1814Kg。
3、动力电池的Pack能量密度为400Wh/Kg，电池包可储存140KWh的电，循环寿命为2000次。
4、电机的动力要求为，500Kw的垂直起降能力，1分钟之内能够完成升空和降落。241Km/h巡航时的动力为71Kw，322Km/h的动力为120Kw。
5、每年飞行2080个小时。共享汽车和商业航空飞机每年的工作时间在3000-5000小时之间。
6、每度电的价格为0.12美元。
7、飞行汽车的造价为20万美金，这需要飞行汽车的年产能达到5000辆，预计2025年可以达到。
8、每辆飞行汽车的整个生命周期可飞行500-600万英里，用13年，目前商用飞机可用30年。
9、每个示范城市的飞行出租车队数量达到1000辆，这个城市需要有83个垂直起降港，每个起降场地能够允许12辆飞行出租车同时起降，同时配备3个超充和9个慢充。每辆飞行汽车年起降场地租赁费用预估为8.6万美金。
10、每辆飞行的士的飞行员年费用为7.5万美金，电子设备和传感器升级维护成本6万美金。
11、Uber认为，电动飞机由于结构大幅简化，其维护成本降会是直升机的50%，整体的维护费用，会是整个运营费用的22%，约为8万美金每年。
12、保险和其他的间接运营费用占比约为12%，为4.5万美元每年。
基于上述的假设，Uber认为可以将飞行出租车每英里的运营成本控制在0.496美元。现阶段，Uber X（类似于专车）每英里的价格为2.34美金，Uber Pool（类似于拼车）的每英里价格为1.36美元。Roadster 的理念就不一样了，首先，它是用电的，虽然尚不清楚 Space X 的冷气推进器是个什么鬼，但可以猜测，它应该是类似电动喷气引擎；其次，它可以垂直起降，引擎推力除了能加速汽车，还能控制刹车和转弯，也能让汽车悬浮在路面上，这一点才是最吸引人的。
English version
In the era of electrification, since fuel vehicles are beginning to be banned from production, will fuel-fueled vehicles continue to develop for a long time? Not to mention that the practicality of such a flying car that requires a runway will be greatly reduced.
The idea of Roadster is different. First of all, it is powered. Although it is not clear what the space air booster of Space X is, it can be guessed that it should be similar to an electric jet engine. Secondly, it can take off and land vertically. In addition to speeding up the car, the engine thrust can also control the brakes and turns, and also allows the car to float on the road. This is the most attractive.
Pure electric. Pure electric drive has several advantages: A, zero pollution during operation. B. The motor drive makes the flight noise within the acceptable range. C, the cost of electricity is far lower than petroleum energy. It will greatly reduce the operating costs of flying vehicles. D. Electric drive can greatly reduce the structural complexity of the flight power system, which is beneficial to design and layout.
unmanned. Given that the cost of training pilots is much higher than the cost of training drivers, and the presence of pilots will also reduce the passenger load of small aircraft, the aviation community has begun to reach a consensus that future flying vehicles will have unmanned systems.
Another advantage of driverless driving is that it is significantly less difficult in terms of route management and air traffic control.
Let us look at whether the flying car is feasible on the economic model. Uber calculated an account in 2016:
Taking the Model S as an example, if the vehicle speed exceeds 141km/h, the power consumption per 100 kilometers will reach 41 degrees. At this point, the energy consumption of the flying car will surpass the Model S. As the speed increases to 201km/h, the flying car will get the best energy economy, and the power consumption per 100 kilometers will be reduced to 31 degrees. This will be a very good operational data.
For a flying car, the longer the cruising distance, the better the energy economy will be.
In general, the speed of the flying car used for flight taxi operation will be 300Km/h. In the current battery energy density, the cruising range will be around 150Km.
Let's take a closer look at the economic model and boundary conditions of a Uber flying car.
The boundary conditions are assumed as follows:
1. This flight taxi has 4 seats and Uber's software ensures that the seat vacancy rate for each flight is controlled within 33%.
2. The weight of the flying taxi is 1814Kg.
3. The energy density of the power battery pack is 400Wh/Kg, the battery pack can store 140KWh of electricity, and the cycle life is 2000 times.
4. The power requirement of the motor is 500Kw vertical take-off and landing capability, and the lift and landing can be completed within 1 minute. The power of the 241Km/h cruise is 71Kw, and the power of 322Km/h is 120Kw.
5, flying 2080 hours a year. Shared car and commercial aviation aircraft work between 3,000 and 5,000 hours per year.
6. The price per kWh is $0.12.
7, the cost of flying cars is 200,000 US dollars, which requires the annual production capacity of flying cars to reach 5,000, is expected to be reached in 2025.
8. The life cycle of each flying vehicle can fly 5-6 million miles for 13 years, and currently commercial aircraft can be used for 30 years.
9. The number of flying taxi teams in each demonstration city reaches 1,000. The city needs 83 vertical take-off and landing ports. Each landing site can allow 12 flying taxis to take off and land at the same time, and is equipped with 3 super-charged and 9 slow charge. The rental fee for each landing vehicle is estimated to be $86,000.
10. The annual cost of pilots for each flight taxi is $75,000, and the maintenance cost for electronic equipment and sensors is $60,000.
11. Uber believes that due to the greatly simplified structure of the electric aircraft, the maintenance cost will be 50% of the helicopter's maintenance cost. The overall maintenance cost will be 22% of the total operating cost, which is about 80,000 US dollars per year.
12. Insurance and other indirect operating expenses account for approximately 12% of the total, which is $45,000 per year.
Based on the above assumptions, Uber believes that the operating cost per mile of a flying taxi can be controlled at $0.496. At this stage, Uber X (similar to a car) costs $2.34 per mile, and Uber Pool (similar to carpooling) costs $1.36 per mile.
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